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Future Perfect (Futuro perfecto)

Como hemos visto en las lecciones anteriores, hay dos maneras principales para expresar el futuro. Al diferencia del futuro simple, en el tiempo perfecto, el uso de ellos es en general intercambiable.

Grammatical Rules (Reglas grammaticales)

Structure (Estructura)

1. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)
   • Ejemplos:
   • The party will have ended by the time you finish work.

     Play

     The party will [is going to] have ended by the time you finish work. (La fiesta habrá terminado cuando termine el trabajo.)
   • I'm going to have eaten before we meet.

     Play

     I'll [I'm going to] have eaten before we meet. (Habré comido antes de reunirnos.)
Estructura 1 Sujeto + "will have" + verbo principal.
Estructura 2 Sujeto + verbos auxiliar ("to be") + "going to have" + verbo principal.
2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
   • Ejemplos:
   • They party won't have ended by the time you finish work.

     Play

     The party won't [isn't going to] have ended by the time you finish work. (La fiesta no habrá terminado cuando termine el trabajo.)
   • I'm not going to have eaten before we meet.

     Play

     I won't [I'm not going to] have eaten before we meet.(No habré comido antes de reunirnos.)
Estructura Sujeto + "will" + "not" + "have" + verbo principal.
Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to have" + verbo principal.
3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)
   • Ejemplos:
   • Will the party have ended before you finish work?

     Play

     Will [Is] the party [going to] have ended before you finish work? (¿La fiesta habrá terminado antes de que termine el trabajo?)
   • Are you going to have eaten before we meet?

     Play

     Will [Are] you [going to] have eaten before we meet? (¿Habrás comido antes de reunirnos?)
Estructura "Will" + sujeto + "have" + verbo principal.
Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to have" + verbo principal.

Uses (Usos)

1. Se usa el futuro perfecto para acciones que ya se han terminado antes de otra acción en el futuro. Tambien, se puede usar para expresar que algo va a pasar antes de un momento específico en el futuro.
   • Ejemplos:
   • I'll have finished my studies before I start my new job.

     Play

     I'll have finished my studies before I start my new job. (Habré terminado mis estudios antes de comenzar mi nuevo trabajo.)
   • Is Mike going to have trained enough before his first game?

     Play

     Is Mike going to have trained enough before his first game? (¿Mike habrá entrenado lo suficiente antes de su primer partido?)
   • We won't have become fluent in Spanish by the time we leave for Mexico next month.

     Play

     We won't have become fluent in Spanish by the time we leave for Mexico next month. (No vamos a tener fluidez en español antes de irnos a México el mes que viene.)
2. Utilizamos el futuro perfecto para mostrar que algo va a continuar hasta otra acción en el futuro.
   • Ejemplos:
   • Karen is going to have worked for 50 years by the time she retires.

     Play

     Karen is going to have worked for 50 years by the time she retires. (Karen habrá trabajado durante 50 años cuando se jubile.)
   • Next week, I'll have lived in Germany for 1 year.

     Play

     Next week, I'll have lived in Germany for 1 year. (La semana que viene habré vivido en Alemania desde hace 1 año.)